解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Since 1814, when rubella was first described, the origins of the disease and its causative agent, rubella virus (Matonaviridae: Rubivirus), have remained unclear1. Here we describe ruhugu virus and rustrela virus in Africa and Europe, respectively, which are, to our knowledge, the first known relatives of rubella viru...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2812-9
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to recognize information that is incongruous with previous experience is critical for survival. Novelty signals have therefore evolved in the mammalian brain to enhance attention, perception and memory1,2. Although the importance of regions such as the ventral tegmental area3,4 and locus coeruleus5 in broa...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2771-1
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ongoing challenge in chemical research is to design catalysts that select the outcomes of the reactions of complex molecules. Chemists rely on organocatalysts or transition metal catalysts to control stereoselectivity, regioselectivity and periselectivity (selectivity among possible pericyclic reactions). Nature ac...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2743-5
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The three-dimensional organization of the genome supports regulated gene expression, recombination, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C)1,2 analysis has revealed a complex genomic landscape of internal chromosomal structures in vertebrate cells3-7, but the ident...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2744-4
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) fuse the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope. They comprise hundreds of nucleoporins (Nups) that assemble into multiple subcomplexes and form large central channels for nucleocytoplasmic exchange1,2. How this architecture facilitates messenger RNA export, NPC biogenesis and ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2670-5
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with more than 780,000 deaths worldwide (as of 20 August 2020). To develop antiviral interventions quickly, drugs used for the treatment of unrelated diseases are curre...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2575-3
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2691-0
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insect eyes have an anti-reflective coating, owing to nanostructures on the corneal surface creating a gradient of refractive index between that of air and that of the lens material1,2. These nanocoatings have also been shown to provide anti-adhesive functionality3. The morphology of corneal nanocoatings are very dive...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2707-9
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ferroptosis-an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death process-is involved in various degenerative diseases and represents a targetable susceptibility in certain cancers1. The ferroptosis-susceptible cell state can either pre-exist in cells that arise from certain lineages or be acquired during cell-state transitions...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2732-8
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial cells adopt tissue-specific characteristics to instruct organ development and regeneration1,2. This adaptability is lost in cultured adult endothelial cells, which do not vascularize tissues in an organotypic manner. Here, we show that transient reactivation of the embryonic-restricted ETS variant transcri...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2712-z
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease of the intestinal epithelium that is characterized by the accumulation of mutations and a dysregulated immune response. Up to 90% of disease risk is thought to be due to environmental factors such as diet, which is consistent with a growing body of literature that des...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2729-3
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cosmological models in which dark matter consists of cold elementary particles predict that the dark halo population should extend to masses many orders of magnitude below those at which galaxies can form1-3. Here we report a cosmological simulation of the formation of present-day haloes over the full range of observe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2642-9
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transmembrane channels and pores have key roles in fundamental biological processes1 and in biotechnological applications such as DNA nanopore sequencing2-4, resulting in considerable interest in the design of pore-containing proteins. Synthetic amphiphilic peptides have been found to form ion channels5,6, and there h...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2646-5
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2517-0
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAB) are involved in the modulation of synaptic responses in the central nervous system and have been implicated in neuropsychological conditions that range from addiction to psychosis1. GABAB belongs to class C of the G-protein-coupled receptors, and its functional entity...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2408-4
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2581-5
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus)-the only living member of the reptilian order Rhynchocephalia (Sphenodontia), once widespread across Gondwana1,2-is an iconic species that is endemic to New Zealand2,3. A key link to the now-extinct stem reptiles (from which dinosaurs, modern reptiles, birds and mammals evolved), the ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2561-9
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The size of plants is largely determined by growth of the stem. Stem elongation is stimulated by gibberellic acid1-3. Here we show that internode stem elongation in rice is regulated antagonistically by an 'accelerator' and a 'decelerator' in concert with gibberellic acid. Expression of a gene we name ACCELERATOR OF I...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2501-8
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interfaces in heterostructures have been a key point of interest in condensed-matter physics for decades owing to a plethora of distinctive phenomena-such as rectification1, the photovoltaic effect2, the quantum Hall effect3 and high-temperature superconductivity4-and their critical roles in present-day technical devi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2602-4
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integral membrane proteins are encoded by approximately 25% of all protein-coding genes1. In eukaryotes, the majority of membrane proteins are inserted, modified and folded at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)2. Research over the past several decades has determined how membrane proteins are targeted to the ER and how ind...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2624-y
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glandular epithelia, including the mammary and prostate glands, are composed of basal cells (BCs) and luminal cells (LCs)1,2. Many glandular epithelia develop from multipotent basal stem cells (BSCs) that are replaced in adult life by distinct pools of unipotent stem cells1,3-8. However, adult unipotent BSCs can react...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2632-y
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2544-x
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project has established a genomic resource for mammalian development, profiling a diverse panel of mouse tissues at 8 developmental stages from 10.5 days after conception until birth, including transcriptomes, methylomes and chromatin states. Here we systematically examined th...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2093-3
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combinatorial binding of transcription factors to regulatory DNA underpins gene regulation in all organisms. Genetic variation in regulatory regions has been connected with diseases and diverse phenotypic traits1, but it remains challenging to distinguish variants that affect regulatory function2. Genomic DNase I foot...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2528-x
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) poses unprecedented challenges to global health1. The new coronavirus responsible for this outbreak-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-shares high sequence identity to SARS-CoV and a bat coronavirus, RaTG132. Although bats may be the...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2313-x
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quantum-level interplay between geometry, topology and correlation is at the forefront of fundamental physics1-15. Kagome magnets are predicted to support intrinsic Chern quantum phases owing to their unusual lattice geometry and breaking of time-reversal symmetry14,15. However, quantum materials hosting ideal spi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2482-7
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most sensory information destined for the neocortex is relayed through the thalamus, where considerable transformation occurs1,2. One means of transformation involves interactions between excitatory thalamocortical neurons that carry data to the cortex and inhibitory neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) tha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2512-5
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advent of endothermy, which is achieved through the continuous homeostatic regulation of body temperature and metabolism1,2, is a defining feature of mammalian and avian evolution. However, when challenged by food deprivation or harsh environmental conditions, many mammalian species initiate adaptive energy-conser...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2387-5
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial toxins represent a vast reservoir of biochemical diversity that can be repurposed for biomedical applications. Such proteins include a group of predicted interbacterial toxins of the deaminase superfamily, members of which have found application in gene-editing techniques1,2. Because previously described cyt...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2477-4
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cortex organizes sensory information to enable discrimination and generalization1-4. As systematic representations of chemical odour space have not yet been described in the olfactory cortex, it remains unclear how odour relationships are encoded to place chemically distinct but similar odours, such as lemon and o...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2451-1
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular noise is a natural phenomenon that is inherent to all biological systems1,2. How stochastic processes give rise to the robust outcomes that support tissue homeostasis remains unclear. Here we use single-molecule RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (smFISH) on mouse stem cells derived from haematopoietic ti...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2432-4
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2351-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The well known trade-off between hardness and toughness (resistance to fracture) makes simultaneous improvement of both properties challenging, especially in diamond. The hardness of diamond can be increased through nanostructuring strategies1,2, among which the formation of high-density nanoscale twins - crystalline ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2361-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sex chromosomes in males of most eutherian mammals share only a small homologous segment, the pseudoautosomal region (PAR), in which the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs), pairing and crossing over must occur for correct meiotic segregation1,2. How cells ensure that recombination occurs in the PAR is unknown. H...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2327-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroprotectant strategies that have worked in rodent models of stroke have failed to provide protection in clinical trials. Here we show that the opposite circadian cycles in nocturnal rodents versus diurnal humans1,2 may contribute to this failure in translation. We tested three independent neuroprotective approache...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2348-z
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::During cell division, remodelling of the nuclear envelope enables chromosome segregation by the mitotic spindle1. The reformation of sealed nuclei requires ESCRTs (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) and LEM2, a transmembrane ESCRT adaptor2-4. Here we show how the ability of LEM2 to condense on microtu...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2232-x
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Design-specific control over excited-state dynamics is necessary for any application seeking to convert light into chemical potential. Such control is especially desirable in iron(II)-based chromophores, which are an Earth-abundant option for a wide range of photo-induced electron-transfer applications including solar...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2353-2
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continental rifts are important sources of mantle carbon dioxide (CO2) emission into Earth's atmosphere1-3. Because deep carbon is stored for long periods in the lithospheric mantle4-6, rift CO2 flux depends on lithospheric processes that control melt and volatile transport1,3,7. The influence of compositional and thi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2328-3
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sudden, large-scale and diffuse human migration can amplify localized outbreaks of disease into widespread epidemics1-4. Rapid and accurate tracking of aggregate population flows may therefore be epidemiologically informative. Here we use 11,478,484 counts of mobile phone data from individuals leaving or transiting th...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2284-y
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major factor in the progression to heart failure in humans is the inability of the adult heart to repair itself after injury. We recently demonstrated that the early postnatal mammalian heart is capable of regeneration following injury through proliferation of preexisting cardiomyocytes1,2 and that Meis1, a three am...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2228-6
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00